Peptide name : Pleurocidin

Source/Organism : Winter flounder

Linear/Cyclic : Not found

Chirality : Not found

Peptide length: 25

C-terminal modification: Not found

N-terminal modification : Amidation

Non-natural peptide information: None

Assay type : MTT assay

Assay time : 48h

Activity : IC50 : 186.5 µM

Cell line : AGS

Cancer type : Stomach adenocarcinoma

Other activity : Anti-bacterial activity

Amino acid composition bar chart :

Molecular mass : 2711.1283 Dalton

Aliphatic index : 0.704

Instability index : 4.972

Hydrophobicity (GRAVY) : -0.068

Isoelectric point : 10.176

Charge (pH 7) : 4.0166

Aromaticity : 0.16

Molar extinction coefficient (cysteine, cystine): (6990, 6990)

Hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratio : 1.5

hydrophobic moment : -0.079

Missing amino acid : C,R,Q,P,M,I,E,D,N

Most occurring amino acid : G

Most occurring amino acid frequency : 4

Least occurring amino acid : W

Least occurring amino acid frequency : 1

Secondary structure fraction (Helix, Turn, Sheet): (0.4, 0.2, 0.3)

SMILES Notation: CC(C)C[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1c[nH]cn1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1c[nH]cn1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1c[nH]cn1)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](Cc1c[nH]c2ccccc12)NC(=O)CN)C(C)C)C(C)C)[C@@H](C)O)C(=O)O

1 : Hsu HC, et al. Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities of Pleurocidin-Amide, a Potent Marine Antimicrobial Peptide Derived from Winter Flounder, Pleuronectes americanus. Mar Drugs. 2022; 20:(unknown pages). doi: 10.3390/md20080519

Paper title : Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities of Pleurocidin-Amide, a Potent Marine Antimicrobial Peptide Derived from Winter Flounder, Pleuronectes americanus.

Doi : https://doi.org/10.3390/md20080519

Abstract : The extensive use of conventional antibiotics has led to the growing emergence of many resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria. Evidence suggests that cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have the greatest potential to serve as traditional antibiotic substitutes. Recent studies have also reported that certain AMPs have selective toxicity toward various types of cancer cells. The electrostatic attraction between the negatively charged membrane components and AMPs is believed to play a crucial role in the disruption of bacterial and cancer cell membranes. In the current study, we used a potent AMP called Pleurocidin (Ple) derived from winter flounder Pleuronectes americanus and its C-terminal-amidated derivative Pleurocidin-amide (Ple-a), and evaluated their antibacterial and anticancer activities. Our results indicated that both Ple and Ple-a exhibited significant antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, especially marine pathogens, with MIC values ranging from 0.25 to 32 μg/mL. These peptides are also potent against several multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains, with MIC values ranging from 2 to 256 μg/mL. When used in combination with certain antibiotics, they exhibited a synergistic effect against MDR E. coli. Ple and Ple-a also showed notable cytotoxicity toward various cancer cell lines, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 11 to 340 μM, while normal mouse fibroblast 3T3 cells were less susceptible to these peptides. Ple-a was then selected to study its anticancer mechanism toward A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Western blot analysis and confocal microscopy showed that Ple-a could inhibit autophagy of A549 cells, and induce apoptosis 48 h after treatment. Our findings provided support for the future application of Ple-a as potential therapeutic agent for bacterial infections and cancer treatment.