Peptide name : Temporin L

Source/Organism : European common frog

Linear/Cyclic : Not found

Chirality : L

Peptide length: 13

C-terminal modification: Not found

N-terminal modification : Free

Non-natural peptide information: None

Assay type : Not specified

Assay time : Not found

Activity : Not found

Cell line : Not found

Cancer type : Not found

Other activity : Anti-microbial activity

Amino acid composition bar chart :

Molecular mass : 1640.9662 Dalton

Aliphatic index : 1.123

Instability index : 24.0462

Hydrophobicity (GRAVY) : 0.8231

Isoelectric point : 11.000

Charge (pH 7) : 1.7591

Aromaticity : 0.307

Molar extinction coefficient (cysteine, cystine): (5500, 5500)

Hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratio : 2.25

hydrophobic moment : 1.1427

Missing amino acid : C,H,T,P,M,E,D,Y,N,A

Most occurring amino acid : F

Most occurring amino acid frequency : 3

Least occurring amino acid : V

Least occurring amino acid frequency : 1

Secondary structure fraction (Helix, Turn, Sheet): (0.2, 0.1, 0.6)

SMILES Notation: CC[C@H](C)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1c[nH]c2ccccc12)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](N)Cc1ccccc1)C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)O

1 : Simmaco M, et al. Temporins, antimicrobial peptides from the European red frog Rana temporaria. Eur J Biochem. 1996; 242:788-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0788r.x

2 : Wang G, et al. APD2: the updated antimicrobial peptide database and its application in peptide design. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009; 37:D933-7. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkn823

Paper title : Temporins, antimicrobial peptides from the European red frog Rana temporaria.

Doi : https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0788r.x

Abstract : A cDNA library from the skin of Rana temporaria has been screened using a cDNA fragment probe that encodes the signal peptide of the precursor of esculentin from the skin secretion of Rana esculenta. With this approach, the cDNAs encoding the precursors of three peptides were isolated. Subsequently, the peptides predicted from the sequence of the cloned cDNAs as well as several structurally related peptides could be isolated from the skin secretion of R. temporaria. These peptides, which were named temporins, have a length of 10-13 residues and show some sequence similarity to hemolytic peptides isolated from Vespa venom [Argiolas, A. & Pisano, J. J. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 10106-10111]. Natural and synthetic temporins have antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria, but they are not hemolytic. Temporins are the smallest antibacterial peptides hitherto found in nature.

Paper title : APD2: the updated antimicrobial peptide database and its application in peptide design.

Doi : https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkn823

Abstract : The antimicrobial peptide database (APD, http://aps.unmc.edu/AP/main.php) has been updated and expanded. It now hosts 1228 entries with 65 anticancer, 76 antiviral (53 anti-HIV), 327 antifungal and 944 antibacterial peptides. The second version of our database (APD2) allows users to search peptide families (e.g. bacteriocins, cyclotides, or defensins), peptide sources (e.g. fish, frogs or chicken), post-translationally modified peptides (e.g. amidation, oxidation, lipidation, glycosylation or d-amino acids), and peptide binding targets (e.g. membranes, proteins, DNA/RNA, LPS or sugars). Statistical analyses reveal that the frequently used amino acid residues (>10%) are Ala and Gly in bacterial peptides, Cys and Gly in plant peptides, Ala, Gly and Lys in insect peptides, and Leu, Ala, Gly and Lys in amphibian peptides. Using frequently occurring residues, we demonstrate database-aided peptide design in different ways. Among the three peptides designed, GLK-19 showed a higher activity against Escherichia coli than human LL-37.