Peptide name : Varv peptide A (Varv A; Plant defensin)

Source/Organism : Field pansy

Linear/Cyclic : Cyclic

Chirality : L

Peptide length: 29

C-terminal modification: Cyclic

N-terminal modification : Not found

Non-natural peptide information: None

Assay type : Nonclonogenic fluorometric microculture assay

Assay time : Not found

Activity : IC50 : 3 µM

Cell line : RPMI-8226/s (myeloma)

Cancer type : Not found

Other activity : Not found

Amino acid composition bar chart :

Molecular mass : 2902.3104 Dalton

Aliphatic index : 0.434

Instability index : 46.5897

Hydrophobicity (GRAVY) : 0.1483

Isoelectric point : 5.9623

Charge (pH 7) : -0.2965

Aromaticity : 0.034

Molar extinction coefficient (cysteine, cystine): (5500, 5875)

Hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratio : 1.9

hydrophobic moment : 0.1058

Missing amino acid : H,Q,M,I,K,F,D,Y,A

Most occurring amino acid : C

Most occurring amino acid frequency : 6

Least occurring amino acid : L

Least occurring amino acid frequency : 1

Secondary structure fraction (Helix, Turn, Sheet): (0.0, 0.4, 0.3)

SMILES Notation: CC(C)C[C@H](NC(=O)CN)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1c[nH]c2ccccc12)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C

1 : Lindholm P, et al. Cyclotides: a novel type of cytotoxic agents. Mol Cancer Ther. 2002; 1:365-9.

Paper title : Cyclotides: a novel type of cytotoxic agents.

Doi : https://doi.org/Not available

Abstract : Cytotoxic activities of three naturally occurring macrocyclic peptides (cyclotides) isolated from the two violets, Viola arvensis Murr. and Viola odorata L., were investigated. A nonclonogenic fluorometric microculture assay was used to examine cytotoxicity in a panel of 10 human tumor cell lines representing defined types of cytotoxic drug resistance. Additionally, primary cultures of tumor cells from patients, and for comparison normal lymphocytes, were used to quantify cytotoxic activity. All three cyclotides, varv A, varv F, and cycloviolacin 02, exhibited strong cytotoxic activities, which varied in a dose-dependent manner. Cycloviolacin 02 was the most potent in all cell lines (IC50 0.1-0.3 microM), followed by varv A (IC50 2.7-6.35 microM) and varv F (IC50 2.6-7.4 microM), respectively. Activity profiles of the cyclotides differed significantly from those of antitumor drugs in clinical use, which may indicate a new mode of action. This, together with the exceptional chemical and biological stability of cyclotides, makes them interesting in particular for their potential as pharmacological tools and possibly as leads to antitumor agents.