Peptide name : Viscotoxin B

Source/Organism : European mistletoe

Linear/Cyclic : Not found

Chirality : L

Peptide length: 46

C-terminal modification: Not found

N-terminal modification : Free

Non-natural peptide information: None

Assay type : Not specified

Assay time : Not found

Activity : Not found

Cell line : Not found

Cancer type : Colorectal cancer

Other activity : Anti-microbial activity

Amino acid composition bar chart :

Molecular mass : 4857.4906 Dalton

Aliphatic index : 0.467

Instability index : 46.5174

Hydrophobicity (GRAVY) : -0.55

Isoelectric point : 9.1252

Charge (pH 7) : 4.6996

Aromaticity : 0.043

Molar extinction coefficient (cysteine, cystine): (2980, 3355)

Hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratio : 0.84

hydrophobic moment : 0.376

Missing amino acid : W,H,Q,M,F,V

Most occurring amino acid : S

Most occurring amino acid frequency : 7

Least occurring amino acid : E

Least occurring amino acid frequency : 1

Secondary structure fraction (Helix, Turn, Sheet): (0.1, 0.4, 0.2)

SMILES Notation: CC[C@H](C)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](CS)NC(=O)[C@H](CS)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)O)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)O

1 : Wang G, et al. APD2: the updated antimicrobial peptide database and its application in peptide design. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009; 37:D933-7. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkn823

2 : Schrader G and Apel K. Isolation and characterization of cDNAs encoding viscotoxins of mistletoe (Viscum album). Eur J Biochem. 1991; 198:549-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16049.x

Paper title : APD2: the updated antimicrobial peptide database and its application in peptide design.

Doi : https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkn823

Abstract : The antimicrobial peptide database (APD, http://aps.unmc.edu/AP/main.php) has been updated and expanded. It now hosts 1228 entries with 65 anticancer, 76 antiviral (53 anti-HIV), 327 antifungal and 944 antibacterial peptides. The second version of our database (APD2) allows users to search peptide families (e.g. bacteriocins, cyclotides, or defensins), peptide sources (e.g. fish, frogs or chicken), post-translationally modified peptides (e.g. amidation, oxidation, lipidation, glycosylation or d-amino acids), and peptide binding targets (e.g. membranes, proteins, DNA/RNA, LPS or sugars). Statistical analyses reveal that the frequently used amino acid residues (>10%) are Ala and Gly in bacterial peptides, Cys and Gly in plant peptides, Ala, Gly and Lys in insect peptides, and Leu, Ala, Gly and Lys in amphibian peptides. Using frequently occurring residues, we demonstrate database-aided peptide design in different ways. Among the three peptides designed, GLK-19 showed a higher activity against Escherichia coli than human LL-37.

Paper title : Isolation and characterization of cDNAs encoding viscotoxins of mistletoe (Viscum album).

Doi : https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16049.x

Abstract : Viscotoxins have been isolated from leaf homogenates of European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) and purified to apparent homogeneity. Antisera raised against these polypeptides were used to screen a cDNA expression library in lambda gt11. Two positive clones have been isolated, one encoding a full-length preprotein of viscotoxin A3 and the other encoding the precursor of viscotoxin B. Besides the viscotoxin domain the precursor contained a signal sequence and an acidic polypeptide domain. Similar higher molecular mass precursor proteins have been described for thionins of leaves and seeds of barley. Even though the acidic part of the viscotoxin precursor is much shorter than the corresponding domain of the precursors of the leaf and seed thionins of barley, both the negative charge and the number and the relative position of cysteine residues have been conserved within the acidic domain. This result is consistent with our proposal that the acidic domain of the thionin precursor may play an important role in keeping the thionin inactive within the plant cell.