Peptide name : Salamandrin - I

Source/Organism : Salamandra salamandra

Linear/Cyclic : Linear

Chirality : L

Peptide length: 12

C-terminal modification: Linear

N-terminal modification : Amidation

Non-natural peptide information:

Assay type : LDH leakage assay

Assay time : 48-h

Activity : Absorbance ~ 2 at 490 nm at 27 27 µM

Cell line : HL-60

Cancer type : Leukemia Cancer

Other activity : Antioxidant

Amino acid composition bar chart :

Molecular mass : 1407.5508 Dalton

Aliphatic index : 0.408

Instability index : -34.791

Hydrophobicity (GRAVY) : 0.0667

Isoelectric point : 5.828

Charge (pH 7) : -0.2507

Aromaticity : 33.33

Molar extinction coefficient (cysteine, cystine): (1, 0)

Hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratio : 2

hydrophobic moment : -0.444

Missing amino acid : E,H,I,K,L,M,N,P,Q,S,T

Most occurring amino acid : A

Most occurring amino acid frequency : 2

Least occurring amino acid : F

Least occurring amino acid frequency : 1

Secondary structure fraction (Helix, Turn, Sheet): (16., 25, 41.)

SMILES Notation: CC(C)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1c[nH]c2ccccc12)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(=O)O

1 : Silva-Carvalho AÉ, et al. The Peptide Salamandrin-I Modulates Components Involved in Pyroptosis and Induces Cell Death in Human Leukemia Cell Line HL-60. Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15:(unknown pages). doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071864

Paper title : The Peptide Salamandrin-I Modulates Components Involved in Pyroptosis and Induces Cell Death in Human Leukemia Cell Line HL-60.

Doi : https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15071864

Abstract : Amphibian secretions have been extensively investigated for the production of bioactive molecules. Salamandrin-I is an antioxidant peptide, isolated from the skin secretion of the fire salamander, that has induced no toxicity in microglia or erythrocytes. Importantly, the administration of antioxidants may constitute an adequate therapeutic approach to cancer treatment. Here, with the purpose of better characterizing the therapeutic potential of salamandrin-I, we investigated whether this antioxidant peptide also exerts anticancer activity, using the human leukemia cell line HL-60 as a cancer model. Salamandrin-I treatment induced a significant reduction in HL-60 proliferation, which was accompanied by cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, the peptide-induced cell death showed a significant increase in the LDH release in HL-60 cells. The cellular toxicity exerted by salamandrin-I is possibly related to pyroptosis, since the HL-60 cells showed loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and hyperexpression of inflammasome components following the peptide treatment. This is the first demonstration of the anticancer potential of the salamandrin-I peptide. Such results are important, as they offer relevant insights into the field of cancer therapy and allow the design of future bioactive molecules using salamandrin-I as a template.